2-Chloro-3-fluoro-6-picoline (CAS# 374633-32-6)
Isingeniso
Ukubukeka: Ngokuvamile oketshezi oluphuzi olukhanyayo olungenambala olukhanyayo, lokhu kubonakala kusikisela ukuthi lungazwela ukukhanya nokushisa, futhi kuyadingeka ukuthatha izinyathelo zokugwema ukukhanya nezinga lokushisa ngesikhathi sokugcina nokuthutha, njengokusebenzisa amabhodlela engilazi ansundu nokuyigcina. endaweni yokugcina impahla epholile ukuvimbela ukushona kombala okuqhubekayo kanye nokuwohloka.
Ukunyibilika: Inhlanganisela inokuncibilika okuhle kuzincibilikisi ezivamile ze-organic, njenge-toluene ne-dichloromethane, ilandela isimiso sokuncibilika okufanayo, futhi inobudlelwane nezinyibilikisi zemvelo ngenxa yengxenye ye-hydrophobic ye-molecule; Kodwa-ke, ukuncibilika emanzini kuphansi, futhi ukuhlangana okuqinile kwe-hydrogen phakathi kwama-molecule amanzi kunzima ukuphulwa ngokuphumelelayo yi-molecule, okwenza kube nzima ukuyihlakaza.
Iphoyinti lokubilisa kanye nokuminyana: Idatha yephoyinti lokubilisa ihlobene eduze nokuntengantenga kwayo futhi inganikeza imingcele ebalulekile yokusebenza efana nokucwiliswa kwe-distillation nokuhlanzwa, kodwa ngeshwa inani lephoyinti lokubilisa alizange lidalulwe kabanzi. Ukuminyana kwayo kungaphezulu kancane kwalokho kwamanzi, futhi ukuqonda ukuminyana kungasiza ukulinganisa ngokunembile ubudlelwano bokuguqulwa kwevolumu nesisindo emisebenzini yokuhlola noma izinqubo zezimboni ezifana nokudluliswa koketshezi kanye nokubala okunembile.
Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali
Ukusabela ngokushintsha: I-athomu ye-chlorine ne-athomu ye-fluorine ku-molecule yizindawo ezingase zisebenze. Ekuphenduleni kwe-nucleophilic substitution, ama-nucleophile aqinile angahlasela amasayithi lapho ama-athomu e-chlorine ne-fluorine atholakala khona, ashintshe ama-athomu ahambisanayo, futhi akhiqize okuphuma ku-pyridine okusha. Isibonelo, ihlanganiswe namanye ama-nucleophile aqukethe i-nitrogen ne-sulfur ukuze kuthuthukiswe uchungechunge lwezinhlanganisela ze-heterocyclic ezine-nitrogen ezinezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zokutholwa kwezidakamizwa noma ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo.
Ukusabela kwe-Redox: indandatho ye-pyridine ngokwayo izinzile, kodwa lapho ama-oxidants aqinile, njenge-potassium permanganate ne-hydrogen peroxide ehlanganiswe nezimo ze-acidic, i-oxidation ingase yenzeke, okuholela ekubhujisweni noma ekuguqulweni kwesakhiwo sendandatho ye-pyridine; Ngokuphambene, nge-ejenti yokunciphisa efanelekile, njengama-hydrides ensimbi, kuyenzeka ngokwembono ukuthi i-hydrogenation ye-intramolecular unsaturated bond.
Okwesine, indlela yokuhlanganisa
Indlela evamile yokuhlanganisa iwukuqala kokuphuma kokunye kwe-pyridine futhi kancane kancane wakhe isakhiwo esiqondiwe ngokusebenzisa i-halogenation kanye nokusabela kwe-fluorination. Izinto zokuqala ezihlanganisiwe ze-pyridine ziqala ngokukhetha i-methylated futhi amaqembu e-methyl ethulwa ngesikhathi esifanayo; Bese usebenzisa ama-halogenation reagents, njenge-chlorine ne-liquid chlorine, anezisusa ezifanele nezimo zokusabela, ukufeza ukwethulwa kwama-athomu e-chlorine; Ekugcineni, ama-reagents ane-fluorinated, njenge-Selectfluor, asetshenziselwa ukucacisa ngokunembile indawo okuhloswe ngayo ukuthola i-2-chloro-3-fluoro-6-methylpyridine.
Isebenzisa
I-Drug synthesis intermediates: isakhiwo sayo esiyingqayizivele sithandwa osokhemisi bezokwelapha, futhi isezingeni eliphezulu eliphakathi ukuze kuthuthukiswe imishanguzo emisha elwa namagciwane, i-antiviral, ne-antitumor. Izakhiwo ze-elekthronikhi kanye nesakhiwo sendawo sezindandatho ze-pyridine kanye nezithako zazo zingabophezela ngokuqondile ekuqondiseni amaprotheni ku-vivo, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ziguqulwe zibe izithako ezisebenzayo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ngemva kokuguqulwa kwezinyathelo eziningi ezilandelayo.
Isayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo: Emkhakheni we-organic material synthesis, ingasetshenziswa ukwenza izinto ezisebenzayo ze-polymer, izinto ze-fluorescent, njll., ngenxa yekhono layo lokwethula ngokunembile i-chlorine, ama-athomu e-fluorine kanye nezakhiwo ze-pyridine, i-endow materials ngogesi okhethekile kanye ne-optical. izakhiwo, futhi ikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu njengezinto ezihlakaniphile nezinto zokubonisa.
