I-Butyraldehyde(CAS#123-72-8)
| Izimpawu Eziyingozi | F – Iyavutha |
| Amakhodi Engozi | I-R11 – Ivutha Kakhulu |
| Incazelo Yokuphepha | I-S9 – Gcina isiqukathi endaweni enomoya omuhle. S29 – Ungathululi emiseleni. I-S33 - Thatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ngokumelene nokukhishwa okumile. S16 – Zigcine kude nemithombo yokuthungela. |
| Ama-ID e-UN | UN 1129 3/PG 2 |
| I-WGK Germany | 1 |
| I-RTECS | ES2275000 |
| AMAKHODI E-FLUKA BRAND F | 13-23 |
| I-TSCA | Yebo |
| Ikhodi ye-HS | 2912 19 00 |
| I-Hazard Class | 3 |
| Iqembu Lokupakisha | II |
| Ubuthi | Idosi eyodwa LD50 ngomlomo kumagundane: 5.89 g/kg (Smyth) |
Isingeniso
izakhiwo zamakhemikhali
Uketshezi olukhanyayo olungenambala oluvuthayo olunephunga le-asphyxiating aldehyde. Incibilika kancane emanzini. Ihlangana ne-ethanol, i-ether, i-ethyl acetate, i-acetone, i-toluene, izinhlobonhlobo zezinye izinyibilikisi namafutha.
Sebenzisa
Isetshenziswa ku-organic synthesis kanye nempahla eluhlaza yokwenza izinongo
Sebenzisa
I-GB 2760-96 icacisa izinongo ezidliwayo ezivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa. Ikakhulukazi isetshenziselwa ukulungisa ubhanana, i-caramel nezinye izinambitheka zezithelo.
Sebenzisa
i-butyraldehyde iyisiphakathi esibalulekile. i-n-butanol ingakhiqizwa nge-hydrogenation ye-n-butanal; I-2-ethylhexanol ingakhiqizwa ngokuphela kwe-condensation bese kuba yi-hydrogenation, futhi i-n-butanol ne-2-ethylhexanol yizinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zamaplastiki. i-n-butyric acid ingakhiqizwa nge-oxidation ye-n-butyric acid; i-trimethylolpropane ingakhiqizwa nge-condensation ne-formaldehyde, okuyi-plasticizer yokuhlanganiswa kwe-alkyd resin kanye nempahla eluhlaza yamafutha okomisa umoya; ukujiya nge-phenol ukukhiqiza i-resin encibilikayo ngamafutha; ukujiya nge-urea kungaveza inhlaka encibilikayo ngotshwala; imikhiqizo ehlanganiswe ne-polyvinyl alcohol, i-butylamine, i-thiourea, i-diphenylguanidine noma i-methyl carbamate yizinto zokusetshenziswa futhi, ukufingqa ngotshwala obuhlukahlukene kusetshenziswa njenge-solvent ye-celluloid, i-resin, irabha kanye nemikhiqizo yezemithi; imboni yezemithi isetshenziselwa ukwenza i-“Mianerton”, “pyrimethamine”, ne-amylamide.
Sebenzisa
Iglue yenjoloba, i-accelerator yerabha, i-synthetic resin ester, ukukhiqiza i-butyric acid, njll. Isixazululo sayo se-hexane siyi-reagent yokunquma i-ozone. Isetshenziswa njenge-solvent yama-lipids, ibuye isetshenziswe ekulungiseleleni ama-flavour namaphunga nanjengesilondolozi.
Indlela yokukhiqiza
okwamanje, izindlela zokukhiqiza i-butyraldehyde zisebenzisa lezi zindlela ezilandelayo: 1. i-propylene carbonyl synthesis indlela ye-propylene kanye ne-synthesis gas yenza ukusabela kwe-carbonyl synthesis phambi kwe-Co noma i-Rh catalyst ukukhiqiza i-n-butyraldehyde ne-isobutyraldehyde. Ngenxa yama-catalyst ahlukene kanye nezimo zenqubo ezisetshenzisiwe, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-high-pressure carbonyl synthesis ne-cobalt carbonyl njenge-catalyst kanye ne-low-pressure carbonyl synthesis ne-rhodium carbonyl phosphine complex njenge-catalyst. Indlela yokucindezela okuphezulu inengcindezi ephezulu yokusabela kanye nemikhiqizo eminingi, ngaleyo ndlela ikhulise izindleko zokukhiqiza. Indlela ye-carbonyl synthesis enengcindezi ephansi inengcindezi ephansi yokusabela, isilinganiso esihle se-isomer esingu-8-10:1, imikhiqizo engaphansi, izinga eliphezulu lokuguqulwa, izinto ezingavuthiwe eziphansi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, okokusebenza okulula, inqubo emfushane, ekhombisa imiphumela emihle kakhulu yezomnotho kanye ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo. 2. Indlela ye-acetaldehyde condensation. 3. Indlela ye-butanol oxidative dehydrogenation isebenzisa isiliva njenge-catalyst, futhi i-butanol i-oxidized emoyeni ngesinyathelo esisodwa, bese ama-reactants afinyezwa, ahlukaniswe, futhi alungiswe ukuze kutholwe umkhiqizo ophelile.
Indlela yokukhiqiza
Itholakala ngokufakwa emanzini okomile kwe-calcium butyrate kanye ne-calcium formate.
Umhwamuko utholakala nge-dehydrogenation ye-catalyst.
isigaba
uketshezi oluvuthayo
Ukuhlukaniswa kobuthi
Ubuthi
ubuthi acute
I-oral-rat LD50: 2490 mg/kg; Igundane lesisu LD50: 1140 mg/kg
Idatha ye-stimulus
isikhumba-unogwaja 500 mg/24 amahora ezinzima; Amehlo-unogwaja 75 micrograms ezinzima
izici eziyingozi eziqhumayo
Ingaqhuma lapho ixutshwe nomoya; isabela ngobudlova nge-chlorosulfonic acid, i-nitric acid, i-sulfuric acid, ne-fuming sulfuric acid.
izici eziyingozi ezivuthayo
Iyakwazi ukuvutha uma amalangabi avulekile, amazinga okushisa aphezulu, nama-oxidants; ukuvutha kuveza intuthu ecasulayo
isitoreji kanye nezici zokuthutha
Indawo yokugcina impahla ingena umoya futhi yomile ekushiseni okuphansi; agcinwe ngokwehlukana nama-oxidants nama-asidi
I-ejenti yokucima umlilo
Impushana eyomile, i-carbon dioxide, igwebu
amazinga omsebenzi
I-STEL 5 mg/m3
